The interactive controls need JavaScript. This complete reading remains available.
amuk · Malay
noun · Malay
Reading: A-muk (Malay)
frenzied or uncontrolled action. Historical source-stage form associated with amok; the journey preserves the source's qualifications.
No secure word-specific date — The inspected lexical evidence for amuk does not supply a secure dated witness for this displayed stage; contextual history and the date of an object or practice are not substituted.
Malay world / Portuguese maritime contact corridor — Supported language, speech, community or contact-corridor region; not a precise lexical birthplace.
amuk is the inspected source form associated with the historical source stage for English amok. amok(adv.) opening paragraph
English run amok is recorded from the 1670s and is traced to Malay amuk attacking furiously; earlier European forms include Portuguese amouco or amuco for a frenzied Malay. amok(adv.) opening paragraph
amok: an inspected specialist, institutional or national-language source supports the displayed forms and the selected conventional readings; reconstructed or historical readings remain explicitly qualified. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: the map point is a supported language, speech-community or documented contact-corridor reference, not a precise lexical birthplace. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: lexical dates are retained only where the inspected record dates a form or sense; contextual object, cultural, institutional and biographical dates are not substituted for word chronology. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: the route preserves competing analyses, qualified edges and semantic distinctions required by the inspected evidence. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: adjacent relations are retained with their existing type and certainty unless the inspected evidence requires a qualified or parallel reading. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amouco · Portuguese
noun · Portuguese
Reading: a-MOU-co (Portuguese)
frenzied or uncontrolled action. An intermediary form named by the inspected lexical account; it is not treated as an exhaustive transmission record.
No secure word-specific date — The inspected lexical evidence for amouco does not supply a secure dated witness for this displayed stage; contextual history and the date of an object or practice are not substituted.
Malay world / Portuguese maritime contact corridor — Supported language, speech, community or contact-corridor region; not a precise lexical birthplace.
English run amok is recorded from the 1670s and is traced to Malay amuk attacking furiously; earlier European forms include Portuguese amouco or amuco for a frenzied Malay. amok(adv.) opening paragraph
amok: an inspected specialist, institutional or national-language source supports the displayed forms and the selected conventional readings; reconstructed or historical readings remain explicitly qualified. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: the map point is a supported language, speech-community or documented contact-corridor reference, not a precise lexical birthplace. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: lexical dates are retained only where the inspected record dates a form or sense; contextual object, cultural, institutional and biographical dates are not substituted for word chronology. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: the route preserves competing analyses, qualified edges and semantic distinctions required by the inspected evidence. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: adjacent relations are retained with their existing type and certainty unless the inspected evidence requires a qualified or parallel reading. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok · English
noun · English
Reading: a-MOK / a-MUK
frenzied or uncontrolled action. The English form and selected sense are represented from the inspected lexical account; unsupported pronunciation and location are left unresolved.
No secure word-specific date — The inspected lexical evidence for amok does not supply a secure dated witness for this displayed stage; contextual history and the date of an object or practice are not substituted.
English lexical reference region (not origin) — Reference region for the English lexical stage; not a birthplace or borrowing point.
English run amok is recorded from the 1670s and is traced to Malay amuk attacking furiously; earlier European forms include Portuguese amouco or amuco for a frenzied Malay. amok(adv.) opening paragraph
The inspected source supports the selected amok sense: frenzied or uncontrolled action. amok(adv.) opening paragraph
amok: an inspected specialist, institutional or national-language source supports the displayed forms and the selected conventional readings; reconstructed or historical readings remain explicitly qualified. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: the map point is a supported language, speech-community or documented contact-corridor reference, not a precise lexical birthplace. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: lexical dates are retained only where the inspected record dates a form or sense; contextual object, cultural, institutional and biographical dates are not substituted for word chronology. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: the route preserves competing analyses, qualified edges and semantic distinctions required by the inspected evidence. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings
amok: adjacent relations are retained with their existing type and certainty unless the inspected evidence requires a qualified or parallel reading. section on Malay loans and Portuguese renderings